Brimstone Gonepteryx rhamni rhamni

Male - distinctively yellow.
Male - distinctively yellow.
Female - pale green, similar to
Female - pale green, similar to "whites" at distance.
Male upperside - can only be seen in photos.
Male upperside - can only be seen in photos.
Female upperside - can only be seen in photos.
Female upperside - can only be seen in photos.
Egg on buckthorn.
Egg on buckthorn.
Larva resting in the classic mid-leaf position.
Larva resting in the classic mid-leaf position.
Large nearing pupation.
Large nearing pupation.
Larva beginning to pupate.
Larva beginning to pupate.
Pupa hanging from a buckthorn leaf - side view
Pupa hanging from a buckthorn leaf - side view
Pupa - the evening before emergence of a male the next morning
Pupa - the evening before emergence of a male the next morning
 
Information

Red List status: Least Concern
NERC Act S41: Not listed
Local status: Common.
Distributed over whole county.
Size: Large.
Larval foodplant: Buckthorn and Alder Buckthorn.
No. of broods: One.
Flight time(s): New brood emerges in late July and into August and soon hibernates, emerging the following spring to breed. It continues to live until about June, making it one of the longest lived butterflies as an adult at about 10 to 11 months. Numbers dip in July between broods.
Average first date: 8th Feb
Average last date: 20th Nov
Winter: Hibernates as an adult, often in Ivy and other evergreens, including bramble patches.
Habits: Never rests with wings open.
Habitats: May occur anywhere but its larval foodplants occur mostly in scrubby woodland and hedgerows.
Distribution: